Canadian Association of Neuroscience Nurses 51st AGM & Scientific Sessions

That’s Way to Young: Young Stroke Review through Case Study
Authors: Emily Junk RN, Ruth Whelan RN MN CNN(c)

Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability in Canada. Although nearly three-quarters of all strokes happen to individuals over the age 65, stroke can, and does happen at any age. Older patients generally have classic stroke risk factors; high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation. These risk factors can be attributed and lead to common mechanisms of stroke: atherosclerotic disease and cardioembolic sources. Etiology of stroke in the younger patient often varies greatly from their older adult counterparts as few are diagnosed with traditional risk factors. Additionally stroke may go unrecognized in this population due to the “they are too young” attitude amongst the patient population and care provider. The fact remains, however, that regardless of age, up to 70% of patients will have lifelong physical impacts due to this disease.
Awareness of presenting symptoms, through stroke work-up, and aggressive secondary stroke prevention are key in ensuring the highest level of functional outcome and best quality of life for these patients.

Methods: We will present 3 case studies looking at patients under the age of 50 who presented to our comprehensive stroke center with ischemic stroke. Each case will include a review of risk factors, presenting symptoms, treatment, young stroke work up results and patient outcome.

Results: Learners will have a better understanding of young stroke etiology and how the stroke work up must expand to look for non-traditional risk factors and stroke mechanisms.

Conclusion: Stroke happens at any age. Cause of stroke in young patients is often very different when compared to their older counterparts. Rapid identification, treatment, and secondary prevention initiation can lead to better functional outcomes and improved quality of life.